Spotted Skunk, John MacGregor photo

Small Mammals

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Small Mammals of Kentucky


​Overview

Twenty-seven small mammal species are known to occur in Kentucky. This number is based on a statewide small mammal survey conducted by KDFWR that began in 1988 to determine the distribution of all small mammals in KY. The survey utilized pitfall, bottle, and snap traps placed in a variety of habitats on public and private lands. This comprehensive survey produced over 9000 specimens and determined that the Northern Short-tailed shrew was the most widely distributed small mammal in the state. Species with extremely limited distributions included the Southern Short-tailed Shrew, Southern Red-backed Vole, Allegheny Woodrat, Marsh Rice Rat, Cotton Mouse, Hispid Cotton Rat, Masked Shrew, and the Long-tailed Shrew.

One mammal species is endemic to Kentucky, meaning it is found nowhere else in the world. The Kentucky red-backed vole, a subspecies of the Southern red-backed vole, is currently known only from portions of eastern Kentucky and is one of Kentucky’s species of greatest conservation need.

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Common Myths about Bats​

Bats Are Flying Rodents​​

FACT:  Bats are actually more closely related to primates than rodents.  They are generally lon​g-lived and most only have one young per year.​

Bats Are B​lind​​

FACT: Bats can see as well as most other mammals but most rely more on a sophisticated sonar system, echolocation, to get around and capture prey.

Bats Attack Humans

FACT: A bat may swoop towards you in pursuit of prey but echolocation allows them to be very ​accurate flyers and avoid obstacles, including your hair.

All Bats Drink Blood

​​FACT: Only vampire bats feed on blood. Of the 1300+ bat species found worldwide, just three species are vampire bats. They are found only in Mexico, Central America and South America.

All bats carry rabies

​​FACT: Like other mammals, bats can contract rabies but less than one half of one percent do.

Bats are dirty animals

​​FACT:​ Like cats, bats are constantly grooming themselves to keep clean.

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Bat Diseases

White Nose Syndrome (WNS)

White-nose syndrome (WNS) is a devastating disease found in North America that is caused by a “cold-loving” fungus. This white fungus grows on hairless skin tissue like the bat’s muzzle, hence the name “white-nose”. It has caused unprecedented mortality in some of our hibernating bat species, especially in the northeastern U.S where it was first discovered. April 2011 is when the disease was first documented in Kentucky. It is now found in caves across the state and is believed to be responsible for significant local population declines for some species such as little brown bats. For more detailed information, decontamination procedures, map showing the spread of the disease, etc. go to http://whitenosesyndrome.org.

Rabies and Histoplasmosis

For information on rabies and histoplasmosis, see "Do bats pose a human health concern?"

Injured or Sick Bats

If you have found an injured or sick bat, please ensure no children, pets or other animals can come into contact with it. Due to WNS, we are tracking reports of bats through our Report a Bat form.

If the bat is on the ground ​and does not appear to be injured, you can cover it with a small box (shoebox size) and use a flat piece of cardboard to slip between the ground and the bat. Once the bat is secure in the box, you can then find a tree to place the bat on without handling it. If the bat is still there after 24 hours, please use the Report a Bat Form.

Bats as Pets

In many cases, a bat removed from the wild does not live long. Not only is the practice detrimental to the bat, holding bats in captivity is against the law. 301 KAR 2:081​ prohibits holding native bats as pets.

Collecting Permits

The Scientific and Educational Collecting Permit authorizes the collecting and holding, even temporarily, of wildlife for zoological, educational or scientific purposes.  Go to the Scientific and Educational Collecting page for more information and to download the application.





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