Identifying Kentucky's Owls

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​​​​​​​​​​​Whoo's Whoo Out There?​​​​


Kentucky is home to six regularly occurring owl species, ranging from the common Great Horned and Barred Owls to rarer species like the Barn Owl and Northern Saw-whet Owl. Each species can be identified by size, habitat, and distinctive features such as ear tufts, facial shape, and vocalizations.​


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Eastern Screech Owl nesting in a tree, Photo Credit: Holly Keepers, USFWS

How to Identify Owls

When identifying owl species, it helps to look for the following key traits:

  • Size: Is it small, medium, or large?
  • Ear Tufts: Does it have them? Does it not?
  • Eye Color: Is it Yellow or Dark?
  • Habitat: Where did you see it? Was it in a forest or an open field?
  • Activity: When did you see it? At Night (nocturnal)? At dawn or dusk (crepuscular)?

Rick-Hill-Owl-ID.png

Figure 1: Rick Hill artwork showing faces of a Barn Owl (left) compared against a painting of a Great Horned Owl (right). To compare these two species based on their face:

  1. Do they have ear tufts? The Barn Owl does not, but the Great Horned Owl has large ones.
  2. What color are the eyes? Barn Owls have dark colored dyes, while Great Horned Owls typically have yellow.
  3. Can you see the face shape? Barn Owls have a distinctive heart-shaped face; many owl species have rounder faces.
  4. Look at the feathers' colors, patterns, etc. The Barn Owl is most commonly light tan and speckled. Great Horned owls can be shades of dark brown and look striped. This is variable, but it can help ID an owl species. 

ID Owls by their Audio Calls

Owls are more often heard than seen. In the gallery below, we have provided a few types of calls you might hear. ​To hear more owl calls and find more pictures and information on owls, please visit Audubon's "Learn to Identify Five Owls by Their Calls" page.

Barn Owl

HAVE YOU SEEN ME?​


​The Barn Owl is a rare species in Kentucky. The Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources would like to learn more about nesting Barn Owls, but we need your help. Please report Barn Owl nests to 1-800-858-1549 or to michael.patton@ky.gov.​​​

 NEED HELP - CALL US!

​​​If you live in Kentucky and need help managing nesting Barn Owls on your property, please ​​contact us at 1-800-858-1549.​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

Kentucky Owl Species - (Species with the "" icon can be found in the KY ​SWAP).  

Common Barn Owl USFWS

Barn Owl

  • Status: Uncommon/Rare
  • Distribution: Year-round resident, less common in eastern Kentucky
  • Preferred Habitat(s): Primarily ​open areas that include grassland, pasture, hayfield, crop fields, old fields, open marsh, reclaimed strip-mine land, etc.
  • Nesting: Nests in hollow trees, silos, grain bins, barns, and building crevices. They will also use nest boxes if available.
  • Note: KDFWR tracks the occurrence of this species. Please report nesting Barn Owls by calling 1-800-858-1549 or by emailing michael.patton@ky.gov. To learn more, please check out our Kentucky Barn Owls page.

Listen to Barn Owl Screams. ​​

 
 
Barred Owl perched in wooded area

Barred Owl​

  • Status: Common
  • Distribution: Statewide, year-round resident
  • Preferred Habitat(s): Forested areas, especially bottomland areas
  • Nesting: Nests in hollow trees, but will occasionally use nest boxes. 
Screech Owl

Eastern Screech-Owl

  • Status: Common
  • Distribution: Year-round resident
  • Preferred Habitat(s): Forests/Semi-Forested, and semi-open farmland
  • Nesting: Nests in tree cavities, but will also use nest boxes​
  • Special Note: Screech Owls usually come in one of two colors: gray or red. Both can be found in Kentucky. A brown morph can also be found, but is more common further south, especially in Florida.​

Listen to Screech Owl Call​​


Barred Owl perched in wooded area

Great Horned Owl

  • Status: Common
  • Distribution: Statewide
  • Preferred Habitat(s): Forested areas, semi-forested areas, and semi-open farmland
  • Nesting: Nests in old hawk nests made from sticks, but will also use hollow trees

Listen to Great Horned Owl Call​​



Barred Owl perched in wooded area

Northern Saw-whet Owl​​​

  • Status: Uncommon/rare
  • Distribution: Likely statewide
  • Preferred Habitat(s): Forests/semi-forested, semi-open farmland
  • Nesting: Does not nest in Kentucky. Migrates through Canada and the Northern U.S., but may winter in the state. 
Barred Owl perched in wooded area

Short-eared Owl

  • Status: Uncommon/rare
  • Distribution: Winter statewide, rarer in Eastern Kentucky. In summer, nesting is confirmed in West-Central KY, Ohio, and Muhlenberg Counties. 
  • Preferred Habitat(s): Open areas - grassland, pastures, hayfields, reclaimed strip-mine land, etc.
  • Nesting: Does not regularly nest in Kentucky. Documented nests have been found in grassy areas
  • Note: In Winter, they will form communal roosts. If you see a large number of birds (five or more), please report it to KDFWR at michael.patton@ky.gov.​​

Rare or Infrequent Owl Species

usfws-snowy-owl-flying.jpg 
usfws-snowy-owl-flying.jpg 

In addition, Snowy Owl (Nyctea scandiaca), pictured on the left, and  Long-eared Owl (Asio otus), pictured on the right, have also been recorded in Kentucky, but are not described below due to their extreme rarity. Both photographs courtesy USFWS. ​​