For conservation planning purposes, birds are also often split into the following categories: landbirds (songbirds, woodpeckers, nightjars, quail, raptors, etc.), shorebirds (killdeer, sandpipers, plovers, snipe, woodcock, etc.), waterbirds (herons, cranes, cormorants, pelicans, terns, gulls, etc.), and waterfowl (ducks, geese, and swans).